ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
By
Susan Harmon
Liu Penghui ; Chen Zhiwei ; Zhang Xu ; Zhao Jian Guang.
Theoretical research on theTeaching models of PE distances
education. Is Part Of 2011 IEEE InternationalSymposium on IT in
Medicine and Education, Dec. 2011, Vol.1, pp.456-459.
The research in this article included a detailed study of Physical
Education courses (PE) in China, that could be taught in an on line
environment as a way to introduce and promote the effectiveness of
a new model for teaching PE classes. Analysis and comparisons
between the typical face to face way we teach PE classes and the
newer way that PE classes are taught in a distance learning setting
are provided through documents. The advantages and
disadvantaged are clearly presented and a new model for teaching
PE in an online classroom is presented. The authors of this article
are professors in major universities in China and in various
academic departments such as PE, Transportation and Foreign
languages. Due to the expanding interest in students’ (non
traditional and traditional) to take and have a strong interest in PE
classes, as it is that Face to face traditional PE courses cannot offer
enough options and reach students in “all walks of life”. Through
surveys, analyzing documents and even interviewing experts in this
field, these authors concluded that distance learning in PE
education needs to change the current PE teaching curriculum and
adapt it to fit online teaching environment, utilizing internet
technologies and systems. This research article was especially
interesting to me because I have taken an online PE course and I do
agree with the conclusions that methods of teaching PE in an
online environment needs to be changed and improved and there
definitely is a new strong interest in the current population to take
online PE classes, especially with a stronger emphasis in living a
healthier life style.
Yuen Yee Wong, Jing Zeng and Chun Kit Ho. Trends in open and
distance learning research: 2005 vs 2015, Asian Association of Open
Universities Journal, Vol. 11 Issue: 2,
Pp.216-227, https://doi.org/10.1108/AAOUJ-09-2016-0035.
This article involves a study by Zawacki-Richter et al. (2009) who
studied 288 articles that had been published in 7 important ODL,
(Open and Distance Learning )journals in the years 2005 and 2015.
They found that the research that had been done involved a serious
lack of both theoretical and methodological coverage and very
weak. The article begins by discussing the 4 criteria used in
choosing the journals to read and then continues to discuss the
coding procedures and the variables used. Two raters were used to
decide if the articles were empirical or non empirical. The
conclusive results were that Micro level research in Instruction
design did dominate. This article compares the research areas and
methods and type of participants and says that macro level distance
education systems and theories research on global and cultural
areas of distance learning is weak and not much international
collaborating has been going on. The article shows that quantitative
research has truly become the more important method used in 2015
versus 2005 and many key terms have changed in the year 2015.
The changes that happened were especially noticed in the tools used
in distance education.Top of Form This research only looked at
comparing the beginning and then the end of a ten year period,
2005 and 2015 and not the changes in the years in between. More
variables used could have given a deeper understanding of the
research. The article does give ODL. Researchers some insightful
ways to develop their own research in an effective way and that
would possibly make their research more accepted. Also the article
talks about the types of research that is more likely to be accepted
to publications so that is helpful for researchers in this area.
Olaf Zawacki-Richter. Research Areas in Distance Education: A
Delphi Study. June –2009, International Review of Research in
Open and Distance Learning Volume 10,Number 3. ISSN: 1492-
3831. Fern Universität in Hagen, Germany.
In this research article, the participants (experts) were selected
according to very specific criteria and were asked to list 10 research
areas of interest to them in distance education. The author used
a literature review on each topic and a qualitative analysis from the
responses to draw the conclusions that were made. Classifications
were made according to three categories:
1. Distance education systems and theories;
2. Management, organization, and technology;
3. Teaching and learning in distance education.
This study intended to identify the most important and the
weakest areas of research in distance education and to develop a
research categorization of distance education. They drew their
conclusions from a literature review and a Delphi study to provide
prospective researchers results so they can then identify priority
areas needed to research. It does appear, that in conclusion, there
are still issues referring to the access of the role especially in
developing areas and student support services and in technologies
which are still very important and that the field has been
dominated by strong research in the area of technology and
interactivity through the new developed media but that these areas
still need to be continued to be researched. Due to the increase of
the global education now researchers need to continue to target
people who use distance learning to learnThis research article has
its limitations; first of all it was limited to English speaking
participants and, of course, they had to have internet connections
so the results may not be applicable to non English speaking people
or where there is no access to the internet.
Report of the trends for research in
Summarize and post the current research on distance education, distance education systems and online course research on website/wiki within 500-800 words.
Research on DL, Digital Learning, will help to take away limits that we may have within our classroom and provide us the freedom to develop quality education anytime and anywhere. Research results will only empower us as educators to overcome our most difficult challenges in teaching online. Research in distance education systems, multimedia design and tools is extremely important in makeing the best online courses we can because developing and utilizing the right digital platform will only help personalize our lesson plans and student involvement through use of more interesting tools and ways to monitor student progress and involvement. Research in Pedagogy and teacher contributions is very important so that we can measure student progress and involvement and organize lesson plans better, thus we can target student performance and teachers can focus on student strengths and weaknesses to maximize learning. It is vital to keep students engaged and interested so research is vital to helping us to continue to improve our teaching materials and methods and helps u s assess the concepts, students retain and then those the students do struggle to understand so we can better our classrooms online. In traditional classrooms, it can be difficult to foster group discussions and even question and answer techniques in large groups as students can more easily get distracted and of course teachers struggle to maintain individual contact but due to research in DL, we are now able to improve on these problems by utilizing the devises students already are using, smart phones, tablets etc and thus engage them in more sophisticated tasks which will help with developing critical thinking. Research has concluded that there really are no important differences between the achievements of students in both face to face classrooms and in the online environment and the attitudes of face to face learners versus DL are not as favorable as online students who seem be more motivated internally,however that being said, it does seem that it is more difficult to create successful group interactions online but not impossible. The tools used in an online classroom are extremely important and crucial to the success of the student and the course being offered. The research definitely points out that online education is effective and will only become more popular as we develop,research and utilize better tools in our online courses. However, research seems to be weak in the area of studying certain age groups like k-12 and needs to place more focus on studying the emotional states of the online learner and to improve studies on creating best practices in online learning.
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